Today, as in the past, most of Norway's people live along the shores of the fjords in the south. For many centuries, as fishers and traders, they lived off the sea. It was from Norway's coast that the Vikings–skilled sailors who built a vast maritime trading network–ventured across the Atlantic Ocean to Iceland, later becoming the first Europeans to reach Greenland and North America toward the end of the 10th century. The lure of the sea has remained strong into modern times. Norway retains a sizable fishing industry and its merchant marine fleet is one of the world's largest. The discovery of vast reserves of petroleum and natural gas in Norway's portion of the North Sea during the late 20th century has brought a new source of prosperity to the country.
An important source of wealth for Norway is its fishing industry. Norway is one of the world's leading fishing nations, accounting for about 3 percent of the world's total catch. The nation's large fishing fleet has an expansive catch area that extends to the banks of Newfoundland in Canada. Since the early 1970s, the government has helped finance the development of a fish-farming industry (particularly of salmon and sea trout). The total yearly marine catch in 1999 was about 3.1 million metric tons. Important species caught include capelin, herring, mackerel, cod, sand lance (sand eel), pollock, salmon, and prawns.
("Norway," Microsoft® Encarta® Online Encyclopedia 2004
http://encarta.msn.com © 1997-2004 Microsoft Corporation. All Rights Reserved.)
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